Rock and ore crusher, including rotary hammers striking an anvil



Dec. 27. 1955 N. L. MATTHEWS 2,728,527

ROCK AND ORE CRUSHER, INCLUDING ROTARY HAMMERS STRIKING AN ANVIL 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 28, 1953 Dec. 27. 55 N. L. MATTHEWS 2,723,527

ROCK AND ORE CRUSHER, INCLUDING ROTARY HAMMERS STRIKING AN ANVIL 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 28, 1953 ATTY.

2,728,527 ROCK AND ORE CRUSEER, INCLUDZNG RUTARY HAMMERS STRIKENG AN ANVIL Newton L. Matthews, Napa, Calif.

Application April 28, 1953, Serial No. 351,656

3 Claims. (Cl. 241-107) This invention relates generally to the class of mills and is directed particularly to improvements in rock and ore Crushers.

An object of the present invention is to provide a crusher designed to pulverize rock, ore, silica sands or other similar materials by the employement of rotating hammers cooperating with and anvil surface upon which the ore is crushed and wherein a novel means is provided for imparting a greatly accelerated movement to the rotating hammers just before the same arrive in a position for striking the anvil, whereby a powerful crushing blow 5 or force is obtained without having to rotate the hammers at excessive speed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel rotary hammer mill employing a plurality of pivotally supported hammers carried by a rotating drum structure, with means for tripping each hammer as it is swung around past a predetermined position for the purpose of imparting an increased swinging movement at high speed for the purpose of delivering a heavy crushing blow against the material to be pulverized as the latter moves across an anvil surface.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a structure of the above described character wherein novel means is provided for effecting the quick reverse swinging of the hammers immediately following the delivery of the hammering blow against the anvil whereby to move the hammer out of the way of a screen covered trough or flume located below the anvil to receive the broken or pulverized material.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description .of the same proceeds and the invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification, with the understanding, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described since obvious modification will occur to a person skilled in the art.

in the drawings:

Figure l is a view in top plan of a mill or crusher constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure l and on an enlarged scale.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary section illustarting the manner in which the hammers are moved or folded back after delivering the crushing blow, for the purpose of passing the adjacent screen and flume.

Figure 5 is a detailed section taken substantially on the line 5-5 of Figure 2. 5

Figure 6 is a detailed section taken substantially on the line 66 of Figure 2.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings the numeral 10 generally designates a frame structure which may be of any desired form or character but which is 7 here illustrated as comprising two vertically disposed 2,728,527 Patented Dec. 27, 1955 spaced parallel walls 12 of any suitable design or configuration.

Extending transversely between and passing through bearings 14 and 16 carried by the walls, is a heavy shaft 18 upon one end of which is secured, outside the space between the walls or outside of the frame, a suitable power receiving member here shown as a belt pulley 20 which is secured to the shaft by a suitable set screw 22 or by a key, not shown, or in any other suitable manner.

The pulley 20 may have a driving belt 23 trained therearound and connected with a suitable source of power, not shown, whereby to impart rotary motion to the shaft 18.

While a pulley has been illustrated and described it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to this specific type of means for rotating the shaft 18 as it will be obvious that many different ways may be employed for turning the shaft.

Supported within the frame upon the shaft 18 to turn therewith is a hammer drum which is generally designated 2 and which is shown as comprising the two spaced plates 25 each of which has a hub 26 through which the shaft 13 passes and which hub is secured to the shaft by a pin 27 or in any other suitable manner.

The end plates 25 of'the drum are connected by the circumferentially spaced bumper rods 28 which in addition to coupling the plates 25 together function to limitthe back swing of the hammers as hereinafter set forth.

Extending lengthwise of the drum structure parallel with the bumper rods 28 and alternating with such rods are hammer shafts 29. The hammer shafts 29 are supported to turn freely and each shaft extends at one end beyond the outer side of a plate 25 of the drum structure and terminates between such plate and the adjacent wall 12 as is clearly shown in Figures 1 and 3.

Supported on each shaft 29 and for swinging movement therewith is a hammer unit which is generally designated 39. Each of these units comprises an elongate striking plate or hammer which is generally designated 31 and which comprises the two steel plates 32 and 33 having a heavy rubber cushion 34 between them and secured together by a bolt 31 with arms 35 extending from the inner longitudinal edge of the hammer at each end thereof and connected with collars 36 secured on the hammer supporting shaft 29.

Extending from each collar at an obtuse angle with the arms 35 and rearwardly from the hammer, is a short brace arm 3'7 which is joined at its outer end with one end of a bumper bar 38 which extends at an angle to the rear face of the hammer toward the forward longitudinal edge of the latter where it is joined to the back plate 32 as shown.

The length of the brace arm 37 is materially less than the distance between the supporting shaft 29 and either of the adjacent bumper rods 2% so that the brace arm can swing freely between its supporting shaft and either of the adjacent bumper rods.

Upon the extended outer end of each of the hammer shafts 29 is a frame structure which is generally designated 39 and which is of the same configuration as that described by the arms 35 and 37 and the bumper bar 38. This frame 39 may be defined as a trip frame and as shown it comprises an arm 40 which is secured at one end to a collar 41 which encircles and is secured to the extended end of a shaft 29 While the opposite end of the arm 49 extends across the back of and is secured to a hammer plate 32.

Disposed at an obtuse angle to the arm 40 is a trip arm 41 and the outer end of this trip arm is connected with the hammer back plate at the forward longitudinal edge thereof by a brace bar 42 which corresponds to the bumper bar 38.

As indicated in Figure 2 the hammer carrying drum may be rotated in a clockwise direction as shown by the arrow. When rotated in this direction there is mounted between the side walls 12 of the frame structure at an elevation adjacent to or slightly above the top of the'drum unit 24, an anvil or strike plate which is generally designated 43.

The strike plate 43 comprises a bottom steel plate 44 and a top steel plate 45 separated by a heavy or thick rubber cushion 46 and the bottomplate 44 at each end joins a downturned bracket plate 47 which positions against the inner side of a wall 12 and has an aperture 43 therethrough and an arcuate slot 49 which is struck from the center of the aperture 48.

Extending transversely between the walls 12 is a bar 43 which passes through the apertures 48 of the two bracket plates 47 and by which the anvil is supported for limited rocking movement.

Each side wall 12 has secured therein a bolt 50 which passes through the adjacent slot 39 and the angular position of the top surface of the anvil is adjusted by swinging the anvil on the bar 48 and held in adjusted position by tightening up the nuts 51 on each of the bolts 50 so as to firmly secure the bracket plates to the side wall as will be readily apparent.

Disposed between the walls 12 is a material receiving and carrying off chute 52 which inclines forwardly and downwardly as shown in Figures 2 and 4 and which has its upper or receiving end disposed at an elevation below the inner or back edge of the anvil and in a vertical plane passing between the anvil and the hammer cylinder 24.

Overlying and spaced from the bottom of the chute 52, is a screen 53 upon which falls the powdered or pulverized material from the surface of the anvil. It will be readily apparent that time material will pass through the screen and be received and carried off by the chute 52 while the coarser material will be carried off by the screen and may be returned to the anvil for further treatment.

Extending transversely between the walls 12 to the top end of the chute 52, is a shaft 54 upon which is carried a roller sleeve 55 for the purpose about to be described. This roller sleeve is disposed substantially in the plane of the anvil 43 as shown in Figure 2 and the action of the roller sleeve in the operation of the mill is illustrated in Figure 4.

At the end of the cylinder beyond which the hammer shafts 29 extend there is secured to the inner side of the wall 12 a short rigid trip stud or pin 56 which extends inwardly toward and is spaced from the adjacent cylinder end plate 25 as shown in Figure 1. This trip pin is located slightly below the highest part of the adjacent cylinder plate 25 for the purpose of tripping and throwing upwardly and forwardly the hammer plates as they reach the top of the swing in the rotation of the drum or cylinder.

in the operation of the mill the material to be pulverized or crushed is discharged onto the inclined top surface of the anvil 43 in any suitable manner and the hammer carrying drum is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 2 so as to bring the swinging hammers around so that each hammer as it reaches a certain high point in the rotation of the drum will swing over and down against the material carried on the surface of the anvil.

it will be seen upon reference to Figure 2 that as the hammer drum rotates the hammers will be hanging down when they pass the low point in the rotation of the drum and as they start to move up the bumper rods will catch the hammers against the upper bars and raise the hammers in an inclined position as the hammer supporting shaft moves toward the high point of the drum. In this upward movement of each hammer the trip arm 41 which is located outside of one end of the drum between the latter and the adjacent wall which carries the trip pin, will move upwardly and around and until it strikes and is checked by the trip pin 55. When this occurs a strong thrust will be applied to the trip arm which functions in the nature of a crank, and the hammer will be swung over and downwardly at a greatly increased speed over the speed of rotation of the drum. As the hammer is swung down during the movement of the trip arm across the top of the trip pin 56, it will come down upon the ore or rock carried on the anvil and will thus crush the ore with great force.

As the hammer shaft continues to move downwardly from the high point of rotation of the hammer drum, the hammer will be dragged off of the surface of the anvil and will ride onto the roller sleeve 55 and will be caused to fold back in toward the drum as illustrated in Figure 4 so that the hammer face will not strike the upper end of the chute 52. This back swinging or back folding of the hammer will, of course, be rapid and in order to prevent the hammer from swinging too far into the drum the bumper rod behind the inswinging hammer will stop such swinging movement by the engagement of the hammer bumper bars 38 against the bumper rod.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that in the present improved ore mill strong hammering blows can be obtained to crush the ore on the anvil without the necessity of rotating the hammer carrying drum at high speed due to the fact that as the drum rotates and each hammer approaches the top of its swing, the trip arm 41 of the hammer will be checked in its movement by the trip pin so that the hammer will then be swung upwardly and forwardly with greatly increased speed and will be brought down on the rock or ore lying on the face of the anvil, with high power or great force so as to obtain the desired crushing action.

I claim:

1. A rockand ore crusher of the character stated comprising a frame, a power shaft rotatably supported thereby, a cylinder on the shaft to turn therewith and comprising a pair of spaced end plates and a plurality of rods connecting the end plates and equidistantly spaced around the shaft, a plurality of hammer shafts extending between said plates and in alternating relation with said rods, said last shafts being rotatable and extend ing at one end beyond one end of the cylinder, a pair of radial arms rigid with each shaft, a flat hammer plate carried by each pair of arms, said hammer plates being turned with the cylinder around the power shaft, an anvii having a strike face disposed at an upward and outward inclination from the cylinder in a position to have the hammer plates swing down thereagainst after moving over the top of the cylinder in the rotation of the latter, a crushed ore receiving means disposed below the lower side of the anvil strike face, a fixed trip element located between the said one end of the cylinder and the frame, and a trip arm rigidly secured to the said extended end of each hammer shaft for engagement with the trip element to impart an accelerated speed to the hammer, in addition to the gravitational force acting thereon, in its down swinging movement toward the anvil strike face.

2. In a rock and ore crusher a frame having spaced side walls, a rotary shaft extending between said walls, means for rotating said shaft, a drum carried on the shaft and having spaced circular end members, a plurality of hammer shafts extending between and rotatably supported by said end members, a plurality of hammers, a pair of spaced arms secured to and extending radially from each hammer shaft and carrying said hammers, bumper rods extending between said end members and spaced equidistantly between and in circular series with respect to said hammer shafts for elevating each hammer and causing it to swing over and down in the direction of rotation of said drum and into ore-crushing position as each hammer shaft moves past the uppermost point in its path of movement and an ore receiving anvil disposed in an upwardly and outwardly inclined position in the path of downward swinging movement of said hammers, gravitational forces serving to accelerate the downward swinging movement of each hammer.

3. The invention as defined in claim 2 in which a trip:

iieferences Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Cornell Sept. 20, 1881 Bushman May 15, 1883 Dandurand Jan. 29, 1884 Dandurand Oct. 21, 1884 Humphreys Sept. 6, 1904 Humphreys July 23, 1907 

